Srinivas Chellappa, Franz Franchetti and Markus Püschel (Proc. Summer School on Generative and Transformational Techniques in Software Engineering (GTTSE), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer, Vol. 5235, pp. 196-259, 2008)
How To Write Fast Numerical Code: A Small Introduction
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The complexity of modern computing platforms has made it increasingly difficult to write numerical code that achieves the best possible performance. Straightforward implementations based on algorithms that minimize the operations count often fall short in performance by an order of magnitude. This tutorial introduces the reader to a set of general techniques to improve the performance of numerical code, focusing on optimizations for the computer's memory hierarchy. Two running examples are used to demonstrate these techniques: matrix-matrix multiplication and the discrete Fourier transform.

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Part of this tutorial is based on this course